One of the previous main downsides with Ku-Band in high rain fall areas was that, the older Ku-Band equipment was more sensitive to rain fade and rain attenuation which reduced the bandwidth during very high rainfall to virtually nothing until the rain subsided. This can save great CAPEX and lowers the equipment freight costs dramatically compared to C-Band which makes Ku-Band suitable for smaller more cost effective networks. Normally a 1.2 or 1.8 meter dish is used for Ku-Band applications. Thus, smaller dishes can be used to achieve the same distance as C-Band and the Ku-Band radio transmitter also requires less power. Moreover, Ku-Band is characterized by its high powered signals compared to C-Band. This solves the problem of interfering with terrestrial microwave backhaul links. Unlike C-Band, Ku-Band frequencies are dedicated for satellite communication only.
Thus, C-Band requires more expensive equipment which list generally larger and heavier therefore more expensive to freight to and from site compared to Ku-Band (more Capital Expenditure “CAPEX” and higher freight costs). 2.4, 3 or 3.7 meters in diameter), so that they can be received from the satellite. However, these signals need larger dish size ( e.g. Moreover, these less focused signals can provide wider range of coverage. The attenuation on C-Band signal due to rain fading ranges from 0.4 dB to 1 dB only. Less focused signals means that these signals are less affected by rain (a phenomenon known as rain fade of satellite signals). This is due to the longer wavelength in C-Band.
On the other hand, signals in C-Band are less focused compared to higher satellite frequencies such as Ku-Band. Thus, ITU started to define new frequency bands as Ku-Band. This resulted in a great interference problem between C-Band and terrestrial backhauling links.
KU BAND DOWNLINK FREQUENCY LICENSE
This range of frequency is also used widely by terrestrial microwave backhaul links nowadays, especially because the sub 6GHz band is free of license in many countries all over the world. ITU initially defined C-Band to be the first satellite band and its frequencies range from 4Ghz to 8Ghz. International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the worldwide frequency regulator.
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